Before you start Making sure the butter is cold is important here – if it’s softened at room temperature you’ll end up with a greasy, smooth base to your pastry, which will turn tough when it’s baked. Keeping the mixture crumble-like (or like wet sand) is what gives the pastry that buttery, crumbly texture we all love. Using a palette or table knife to quickly mix the egg and water into the pastry ensures you don’t overwork the dough. If you are too heavy-handed with it, the gluten in the flour strengthens, turning your pastry chewy. Chilling pastry dough between making and rolling it out is important – it allows the gluten to relax, which will help prevent shrinkage as it bakes. Give it at least 10 minutes, but an ideal is usually 2 hours (or even overnight). For flavoured pastry, try adding ground almonds, cinnamon, citrus zest and nutmeg to your pastry. For the really adventurous, swap a quarter of the butter for goose fat for a rich, flaky pastry.
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